Chicago / Turabian Style

Resources and examples for documenting your research in Chicago or Turabian styles.

Chicago Examples Overview

Below are some examples of Chicago Notes and Bibliography (sometimes called "Chicago A") and Chicago Author-Date (sometimes called "Chicago B") style for common publication formats.

Electronic Formats

Elements you will need for electronic citations include either a DOI ( Digital Object Identifier) or URL. Read more about DOIs.

Access dates are largely optional, unless the date of publication or revision cannot be determined from the online source. More about access dates in citations can be found in section 14:12 of the Manual. We have included access dates in our examples, below, as some publishers require them.

Article in a scholarly journal

Print Journal Article

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Article Title," Title of Journal volume, no. # (date) : pages to be cited.

13Charles H. Adams, "Reading Ecologically: Language and Play in Bartram's Travels," The Southern Quarterly 32, no. 4 (Summer 1994): 65.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, specific pages to be cited if not the entire article)

(Adams 1994, 65)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume, no. # (date) : pages of entire article.

Adams, Charles H. "Reading Ecologically: Language and Play in Bartram's Travels."The Southern Quarterly 32, no. 4 (Summer 1994): 65-74.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume (issue): pages of entire article.

Adams, Charles H. 1994. "Reading Ecologically: Language and Play in Bartram's Travels." The Southern Quarterly 32 (4): 65-74.

 

Electronic Journal Article

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Article Title," Title of Journal volume, no. # (date) : pages to be cited, URL, DOI or Database name.

13Charles H. Adams, "Reading Ecologically: Language and Play in Bartram's Travels," The Southern Quarterly 32, no. 4 (Summer 1994): 65, Project Muse.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, specific pages to be cited if not the entire article)

(Adams 1994, 65)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume, no. # (date) : pages of entire article. URL, DOI, or Database name.

Adams, Charles H. "Reading Ecologically: Language and Play in Bartram's Travels."The Southern Quarterly 32, no. 4 (Summer 1994): 65-74. Project Muse.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume (issue): pages of entire article. URL, DOI, or Database name.

Adams, Charles H. 1994. "Reading Ecologically: Language and Play in Bartram's Travels." The Southern Quarterly 32 (4): 65-74. Project Muse.

Article in a newspaper

Print Newspaper Article

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Article Title," Title of Newspaper, Month Day Year, [edition can be supplied, if available], [section and page numbers can be supplied, but are not required].

13James Gorman, "Deep in the Swamp, an 'Extinct' Woodpecker Lives," New York Times, April 29, 2005, late edition-final, sec. A18.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Gorman 2005)

Chicago style suggests that bibliography entries are not usually needed for individual newspaper articles, since most of the necessary information can be gleaned from the notes or in-text citations. These examples would be for a more formal bibliography. See section 14: 203-213 of the Manual for more information.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author First Name Author Last Name. "Article Title." Title of Newspaper, Month Day Year. [Edition can be supplied, if available], [section and page numbers can be supplied, but are not required].

Gorman, James. "Deep in the Swamp, an 'Extinct' Woodpecker Lives." New York Times, April 29, 2005. Late Edition - Final, sec. A18.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author First Name Author Last Name. year. "Article Title." Title of Newspaper, Month Day. [Edition can be supplied, if available], [section and page numbers can be supplied, but are not required].

Gorman, James. 2005. "Deep in the Swamp, an 'Extinct' Woodpecker Lives." New York Times, April 29. Late Edition - Final, sec. A18.

Electronic Newspaper Article

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Article Title," Title of Newspaper, Month Day Year, [edition can be supplied, if available], URL.

13James Gorman, "Deep in the Swamp, an 'Extinct' Woodpecker Lives," New York Times, April 29, 2005, late edition-final, http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Gorman 2005)

Chicago style suggests that bibliography entries are not usually needed for individual newspaper articles, since most of the necessary information can be gleaned from the notes or in-text citations. These examples would be for a more formal bibliography. See section 14: 203-213 of the Manual for more information.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author First Name Author Last Name. "Article Title." Title of Newspaper, Month Day Year, [Edition can be supplied, if available]. URL.

Gorman, James. "Deep in the Swamp, an 'Extinct' Woodpecker Lives." New York Times, April 29, 2005. Late Edition - Final. http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author First Name Author Last Name. Year. "Article Title." Title of Newspaper, Month Day. [Edition can be supplied, if available]. URL.

Gorman, James. 2005. "Deep in the Swamp, an 'Extinct' Woodpecker Lives." New York Times, April 29. Late Edition - Final. http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/

Review

Print Review

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberReviewer First Name Reviewer Last Name, review of Title of Work (qualifier, if needed), by Author's First Name Author's Last Name, Journal or Magazine Name, volume, issue (Year or Month Year or Month Day,Year): pages.

13David Denby, review of True Grit (film), directed by Joel and Ethan Coen, New Yorker, 86, no. 45 (January 24, 2011): 16.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Denby 2011)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Reviewer Last Name, Reviewer First Name. Review of Title of Work Being Reviewed, by Author's First Name Author's Last Name. Journal or Magazine Name volume, issue (Year or Month Year or Month, Day Year): pages.

Denby, David. Review of True Grit (film), directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. New Yorker 86, no. 45 (January 24, 2011): 16.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author First Name Author Last Name. Year. Review of Title of Work Being Reviewed, by Author's First Name Author's Last Name. Journal or Magazine Name volume (issue): pages.

Denby, David. 2011. Review of True Grit (film), directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. New Yorker 86 (45): 16.

Electronic Review

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberReviewer First Name Reviewer Last Name, review of Title of Work, by Author's First Name Author's Last Name, Journal or Magazine Name, volume, issue (Year or Month Year or Month Day,Year): pages, accessed Month Day, Year, URL or DOI expressed as a URL.

13Martha Nichomsin, review of Winter's Bone (film), directed by by Debra Granik, Cineaste 36, no. 1 (Winter 2010): 52-54,accessed January 27, 2011, https://search.ebscohost.com./login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=55609581&site=ehost-live&custid=s8428489&authtype=ip,sso.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Nochimson 2010)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Reviewer Last Name, Reviewer First Name. Review of Title of Work Being Reviewed, by Author's First Name Author's Last Name. Journal or Magazine Name volume, issue (Year or Month Year or Month, Day Year): pages. Accessed Month day, year. URL or DOI expressed as a URL.

Nochimson, Martha. Review of Winter's Bone (film), directed by Debra Granik. Cineaste 36, no. 1 (Winter 2010): 52-54. Accessed January 27, 2011. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&custid=s8428489&authtype=sso,ip&db=a9h&AN=55609581&site=ehost-live.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. Review of Title of Work Being Reviewed, by Author's First Name Author's Last Name. Journal or Magazine Name volume (issue): pages. Accessed Month day, year. URL or DOI expressed as a URL.

Nochimson, Martha. 2010. Review of Winter's Bone, directed by Debra Granik. Cineaste 36 (1) 52-54. Accessed January 27, 2011. https://search.ebscohost.com./login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=55609581&site=ehost-live&custid=s8428489&authtype=ip,sso.

Entire book

Print Book

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, Title of Book (Place: Publisher, year), page numbers.

13Robert Cochran, Our Own Sweet Sounds: A Celebration of Popular Music in Arkansas (Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1996), 57.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Cochran 1996, 57)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of Book. Place: Publisher, year.

Cochran, Robert. Our Own Sweet Sounds: A Celebration of Popular Music in Arkansas. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1996.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. Title of Book. Place: Publisher.

Cochran, Robert. 1996. Our Own Sweet Sounds: A Celebration of Popular Music in Arkansas. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press.

Electronic Book

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, Title of Book (Place: Publisher, year), page numbers, accessed Month day, year, URL or Database.

13Thomas Heywood, The Life of Merlin (London: Printed by J. Okes, 1641), 10-14, accessed January 15, 2011. http://eebo.chadwyck.com/.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Heywood 1641, 10-14)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of Book. Place: Publisher, year. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

Heywood, Thomas, The Life of Merlin. London: Printed by J. Okes, 1641. Accessed January 15, 2011. http://eebo.chadwyck.com/.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. Title of Book. Place: Publisher. Accessed Month day, year. URL or DOI expressed as a URL.

Heywood, Thomas. 1641. The Life of Merlin. London: Printed by J. Okes. Accessed January 15, 2011. http://eebo.chadwyck.com/.

Book chapter

Print Book Chapter

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberChapter Author First Name Chapter Author Last Name, "Title of Chapter," in Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name (Place: Publisher, year), page number.

13Susan M. Marren, "Between Slavery and Freedom: The Transgressive Self in Olaudah Equiano's Autobiography,"in Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800: Volume 143. (Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale, 2008), 129-138.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Marren 2008, 129-38)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Chapter Author Last Name, Chapter Author First Name. "Title of Chapter." In Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of chapter. Place: Publisher, year.

Marren, Susan M. "Between Slavery and Freedom: The Transgressive Self in Olaudah Equiano's Autobiography." In Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800: Volume 143, 129-138. Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale, 2008.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Chapter Author Last Name, Chapter Author First Name. Year. "Title of Chapter." In Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of chapter. Place: Publisher.

Marren, Susan M. 2008. "Between Slavery and Freedom: The Transgressive Self in Olaudah Equiano's Autobiography." In Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800: Volume 143, 129-138. Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale.

Electronic Book Chapter

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberChapter Author First Name Chapter Author Last Name, "Title of Chapter," in Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name (Place: Publisher, year), page number, accessed Month day, year, URL or Database.

13Stephen Roosa and Matt Hanka, "The Environment and Sustainable Development," in Sustainable Development Handbook. ed Stephen Roosa (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2008), 81-112, accessed January 26, 2011, http://www.knovel.com/.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Roosa and Hanka 2008, 81-112)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Chapter Author Last Name, Chapter Author First Name. "Title of Chapter." In Title of Book,ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of chapter. Place: Publisher, year. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

Roosa, Stephen and Matt Hanka. "The Environment and Sustainable Development." In Sustainable Development Handbook. ed Stephen Roosa, 81-112. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2008. Accessed January 26, 2011. http://www.knovel.com/.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Chapter Author Last Name, Chapter Author First Name. Year. "Title of Chapter." In Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of chapter. Place: Publisher. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

Roosa, Stephen and Matt Hanka. 2008. "The Environment and Sustainable Development." In Sustainable Development Handbook. ed Stephen Roosa, 81-112. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Accessed January 26, 2011. http://www.knovel.com/.

Entry in a reference source

In section 14.247, the Manual suggests that "well-known" reference works such as the Encyclopaedia Britannica are normally cited only in notes and not listed in a bibliography. Less famous reference works should still be listed in a bibliography.

Authors have some discretion in citing entries from reference sources. For reference works with signed entries or chapters by different authors, one can create a citation similar to that for a book chapter. For well known reference works without authors for individual entries, such as the Oxford English Dictionary, one can use the title of the work and "s.v." (Latin for "under the word"). When in doubt consult the Manual section 14.247.

Print Reference Source

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberEntry Author First Name Entry Author Last Name, "Title of Entry," in Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name (Place: Publisher, year), page number.

13Stephen Chism, "Lessie Stringfellow Read," in Arkansas Biography. ed. Nancy Williams (Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 2000), 233-4.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Chism 2000, 233-4)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Entry Author Last Name, Entry Author First Name. "Title of Entry." In Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of entry. Place: Publisher, year.

Chism, Stephen. "Lessie Stringfellow Read." In Arkansas Biography. ed. Nancy Williams, 233-4. Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press, 2000.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Entry Author Last Name, Entry Author First Name. Year. "Title of Entry." In Title of Book, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of entry. Place: Publisher.

Chism, Stephen. 2000. "Lessie Stringfellow Read." In Arkansas Biography, ed. Nancy Williams, 233-4. Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas Press.

Electronic Reference Source

Authors have some discretion in citing entries in online reference sources. One can use the title of the web site or resource and "s.v." (Latin for "under the word") or treat the citation more like a book chapter with an author. When in doubt consult the Manual section 14.248.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberEntry Author First Name Entry Author Last Name, "Title of Entry," in Title of Source, accessed Month day, year, URL or Database.

or

notenumberTitle of Source, s.v. "Title of Entry," accessed Month day, year, URL or Database.

13Encylopedia of Life, s.v. "Campephilus principalis," accessed January 26, 2011, http://www.eol.org/pages/917243.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Title of reference work, year if available)

(Encyclopedia of Life)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Entry Author Last Name, Entry Author First Name. "Title of Entry." In Title of Resource. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

"Campephilus principalis." In Encyclopedia of Life. Accessed January 26, 2011. http://www.eol.org/pages/917243.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Entry Author Last Name, Entry Author First Name. Year. "Title of Entry." In Title of Work. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

"Campephilus principalis." 2011. In Encyclopedia of Life. Accessed January 26, 2011. http://www.eol.org/pages/917243.

Government document

Beginning with the 16th edition, the Manual began recommending that legal and government publications now follow a citation style based on he Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Law Review Association, 1991- ). Most citations in the Bluebook style use footnotes alone and do not include the same information in the bibliography.

See the Manual sections 14.281 and 14.304for extensive guidance on citation formats for government documents. Below are some general examples for U.S. documents.

Print Government Document

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberTitle of Document, [number] Cong. page numbers (year). (statement by... if citing a specific witness).

13Back to the Drawing Board: A First look at Lessons Learned from Katrina: Hearing before the Comm. on Government Reform, 109th Cong. 182-83 (2005). (statement by Marc H. Morial, president of the National Urban League).

Chicago B In Text Citation:

Give sufficient information to identify the citation fully:

...Former Mayor Marc Morial testified to the Congressional Committee on Government Reform (109 Cong. September 15, 2005, 182-83)...

However, the Manual strongly encourages those citing legal and government materials extensively to use footnotes, rather than awkward in text citations. See section 15:55.

Electronic Government Document

See the Manual section 14:282 for more detailed guidance. Note style for online documents is generally the same as print, with the addition of a URL. In general, an "accessed' date is not needed unless the document itself is undated.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberCommittee Name, Report Title, H.R. or S. Rep. or Doc. . [number of Congress]-[document number] (year).

13Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Providing for the Establishment of the Buffalo National River in the State of Arkansas, and for other Purposes: Report to Accompany H.R. 8382, H.R. Rep 92-807 (1972). http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:SERIAL
&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=1295E7D36B2096A0&svc_dat=Digital:ssetdoc&req_dat=102B42A8F11068DD

Chicago B In Text Citation:

Give sufficient information to identify the citation fully:

(H.R. Rep. 92-807 (1972))

Published conference paper

Published conference papers are treated much like book chapters.

Print Conference Paper

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author last Name, "Title of Paper," in Title of Conference Proceedings, edited by Editor First Name Editor Last Name (Place: Publisher, year), page numbers.

13M. D. Leh and S.G. Bajwa, "Land Use Change in NW Arkansas: Implications for Runoff Potential on the West Fork Watershed," in IEEE Region 5 Technical Conference, 2007, edited by Vasundara V. Varadan (Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE, 2007), 419-23.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Leh and Bajwa 2007, 419-23)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Paper Author Last Name, Paper Author First Name. "Title of Paper." In Title of Conference, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of paper. Place: Publisher, year.

Leh, M.D. and S.G. Bajwa. "Land Use Change in NW Arkansas: Implications for Runoff Potential on the West Fork Watershed." In IEEE Region 5 Technical Conference, 2007, ed. Vasundara V. Varadan, 419-23. Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE, 2007.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Paper Author Last Name, Paper Author First Name. Year. "Title of Paper." In Title of Conference, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of chapter. Place: Publisher.

Leh, M.D. and S.G. Bajwa. 2007. "Land Use Change in NW Arkansas: Implications for Runoff Potential on the West Fork Watershed." In IEEE Region 5 Technical Conference, 2007, ed. Vasundara V. Varadan, 419-23. Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE.

Electronic Conference Paper

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberPaper Author First Name Paper Author Last Name, "Title of Paper," in Title of Conference, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name (Place: Publisher, year), page number, accessed Month day, year, URL or Database.

13Phillip J. Jones and George J. Fowler, "The Limits of Democracy in Academic Libraries in a Revolutionary Age," in A Declaration of Interdependence: The Proceedings of the ACRL 2011 Conference. ed. Dawn M Mueller (Chicago: ACRL, 2011), 305-12, accessed May 26, 2011, http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/events/national/acrl2011papers.cfm.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, page numbers)

(Jones and Fowler 2011, 305-12)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Paper Author Last Name, Paper Author First Name. "Title of Paper." In Title of Conference, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of Paper. Place: Publisher, year. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

Jones, Phillip J. and George J. Fowler. "The Limits of Democracy in Academic Libraries in a Revolutionary Age." In A Declaration of Interdependence: The Proceedings of the ACRL 2011 Conference, ed. Dawn M Mueller, 305-12. Chicago: ACRL, 2011. Accessed May 26, 2011. http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/events/national/acrl2011papers.cfm.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Paper Author Last Name, Paper Author First Name. Year. "Title of Paper." In Title of Conference, ed. Editor First Name Editor Last Name, pages of Paper. Place: Publisher. Accessed Month day, year. URL or Database.

Jones, Phillip J. and George J. Fowler. 2011. "The Limits of Democracy in Academic Libraries in a Revolutionary Age." In A Declaration of Interdependence: The Proceedings of the ACRL 2011 Conference, ed. Dawn M Mueller, 305-12. Chicago: ACRL. Accessed May 26, 2011. http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/acrl/events/national/acrl2011papers.cfm.

Unpublished thesis or dissertation

Print Thesis or Dissertation

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Title of Thesis" (Ph.D. diss., University Name, year), page number.

13David Mott, "'Effects of Cattle Pasture Runoff on the Water Chemistry of the Buffalo River, Boxley Valley, Arkansas" (master's thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 1990), 113.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of thesis, page numbers)

(Mott 1990, 113)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author Last Name, Author First Name."Title of Thesis." Master's thesis or Ph.D. diss., school, year. (ProQuest abstract number, if available).

Mott, David N. "'Effects of Cattle Pasture Runoff on the Water Chemistry of the Buffalo River, Boxley Valley, Arkansas." Master's thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 1990.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. "Title of Thesis." Master's thesis or Ph.D. diss., school. (ProQuest abstract number, if available).

Mott, David N. 1990. "'Effects of Cattle Pasture Runoff on the Water Chemistry of the Buffalo River, Boxley Valley, Arkansas." Master's thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.

Electronic Thesis or Dissertation

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Title of Thesis" (Ph.D. diss., University Name, year), page number, URL or Database.

13Gary Zeller, "'If I ain't one, you won't find another one here': Race, identity, citizenship and land; the African Creek experience in the Indian Territory and Oklahoma, 1830--1910" (Ph.D. diss, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 2003), 113, https://search.proquest.com.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Author last name year of thesis, page numbers)

(Zeller 2003, 113)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author Last Name, Author First Name."Title of Thesis." Master's thesis or Ph.D. diss., school, year. (ProQuest abstract number, if available). URL or Database.

Zeller, Gary. "'If I ain't one, you won't find another one here': Race, identity, citizenship and land; the African Creek experience in the Indian Territory and Oklahoma, 1830--1910." Ph.D. diss, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 2003. (ProQuest AAT 3122394). https://search.proquest.com.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author Last Name, Author First Name. Year. "Title of Thesis." Master's thesis or Ph.D. diss., school. (ProQuest abstract number, if available). URL or Database.

Zeller, Gary. 2003. "'If I ain't one, you won't find another one here': Race, identity, citizenship and land; the African Creek experience in the Indian Territory and Oklahoma, 1830--1910." Ph.D. diss, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. (ProQuest AAT 3122394). https://search.proquest.com.

Web page

See sections 14.243 - 14.246 of the Manual for more information. The Manual recommends that as much of the following information be included as is possible:

  • title or description of web site
  • the author of the content (if any)
  • the sponsor or host of the site
  • the last updated date or publication date

If no publication or last update date is available, include the date accessed.

The Manual recommends that web sites and blogs be treated in notes, rather than in bibliographies, in most cases.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberPage Author First Name Page Author Last Name (if given), "Specific Page Title," Name of web site, last modified Month day, year or accessed Month day, year, URL.

13"What is Rock Art?" Rock Art in Arkansas, last modified April 11, 2007, http://rockart.uark.edu/qfwhatisrockart.html.

Chicago B In Text Citation:

(Website Name year)

(Rock Art of Arkansas 2007)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Page Author Last Name, Page Author First Name (if given). "Specific Page Title." Name of web site, last modified Month day, year or Accessed Month day, year. URL.

What is Rock Art?" Rock Art in Arkansas, last modified April 11, 2007. http://rockart.uark.edu/qfwhatisrockart.html.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Page Author Last Name, Page Author First Name (if given) or page sponsor. Year. "Specific Page Title." Name of web site. Accessed Month day, year. URL.

What is Rock Art?" 2007. Rock Art in Arkansas. Accessed January 26, 2011. http://rockart.uark.edu/qfwhatisrockart.html.

Article in a Popular Magazine

Page numbers, if any, can be cited in the text but are omitted from a reference list entry. If you consulted the article online, include a URL or the name of the database.

Bibliography notes are in order of citation. Author-date citations are provided in-text.

For both styles, bibliographies are presented alphabetically by authors last name.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

note numberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Article Title," Title of Magazine, Month Day Year, [section and page numbers can be supplied, but are not required].

13Steve Helling. “Lori Loughlin’s Life After Prison.” January 18, 2021: 21.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Author last name year of publication, specific pages to be cited if not the entire article)

(Helling 2021, 21)

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author First Name Author Last Name. "Article Title." Title of Magazine, Month Day Year.

Helling, Steve. “Lori Loughlin’s Life After Prison.” People, January 18, 2021.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author First Name Author Last Name. Year of publication. "Article Title." Title of Magazine, Month, Day, Year.

Helling, Steve. 2021. “Lori Loughlin’s Life After Prison.” People, January 18, 2021.

Electronic Magazine Article

In the examples below the URL may be substituted by the name of the database in which the article was found.

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Note:

notenumberAuthor First Name Author Last Name, "Article Title." Title of Magazine, Month Day Year, (page may be added if available), URL.

13Steve Helling. “Lori Loughlin’s Life After Prison.” People, January 18, 2021, 21, http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,sso&db=a9h&AN=147980561&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

Chicago Author-Date In-Text Citation:

(Helling 2021, 21)

 

Chicago Notes / Bibliography Bibliography:

Author First Name Author Last Name. "Article Title." Title of Magazine, Month Day Year, URL.

Helling, Steve. “Lori Loughlin’s Life After Prison.” People, January 18, 2021, http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,sso&db=a9h&AN=147980561&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

Chicago Author / Date Reference List:

Author First Name Author Last Name. Year of publication. "Article Title." Title of Magazine, Month, Date, Year, URL.

Helling,Steve. 2021. “Lori Loughlin’s Life After Prison.” People January 18, 2021, EbscoHost Academic Search Complete.