This guide was created for OCTH 51402: Research Fundamentals & Scholarly Practice. For basic research, please refer to the "Home" tab. For help with APA Styles, please see the "Additional Resources" tab.
If you need additional assistance, please feel free to reach out to your librarians, Megan York, MLIS (mayork@uark.edu) OR Kay Strahan, MSLIS, AHIP (kstrahan@uams.edu).
| P | I | C | O |
| Patient/Population/Problem | Intervention or Exposure | Comparison | Outcome |
|
Who are the patients or population? What is the problem? |
What is the intervention that is being introduced? OR What is the population being exposed to? |
What are we comparing the intervention or exposure to? | What is the outcome? |
PICO Example Question:
What are the perceived barriers to successful breastfeeding, and how can occupational therapy interventions enhance breastfeeding outcomes?
P Breastfeeding individuals
I occupational therapy
C no intervention
O enhanced breastfeeding outcomes
| P | E | O |
| Patient/Population | Exposure(s) | Outcome |
| Who are the patients or population? | What is the population being exposed to? | What is the outcome? |
PEO Example Question:
In stroke patients receiving occupational therapy, does assistive technology strengthen communication skills and foster independence?
P stroke patients
E assistive technology
O communication
Note: there are many more questions frameworks, PICO and PEO are just two of the most commons question frameworks in clinical and health sciences. If you feel your question does not fit one of these frameworks, reach out to one of your librarians for assistance!
There are many Boolean operators, but the three main ones are AND, OR, and NOT.
A brief breakdown:
AND: narrows your results and brings all your terms together.
Example: chocolate AND marshmallows AND graham crackers (this will only bring together things that includes ALL THREE terms)
OR: broadens your search; searches either terms
Example: chocolate OR marshmallows OR graham crackers (this will bring up articles that only feature ONE of the terms)
NOT: narrows your results; excludes terms
Example: (chocolate AND marshmallows) NOT graham crackers (this will bring up only articles that mention chocolate and marshmallows, but will not bring up articles that mention graham crackers)
|
Librarian Office Hours
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
|
Megan York & Kelsey Molseed |
Kay Strahan |
Where: |
Mullins Library/Teams |
UAMS Northwest Library Desk |
When: |
by appointment only |
by appointment only |