These sources will provide articles by authorities in the field on topics, events, places, and persons. Articles will range in length from one or two paragraphs to dozens of pages. Most will give a bibliography of recommended books and articles for further research.
A comprehensive reference source covering all aspects of the classical world, including Greek and Roman history, literature, myth, religion, linguistics, philosophy, law, science, art and archaeology, and topics in near eastern studies and late antiquity. Bibliographies at the end of each signed article list both secondary works as well as recommended editions / translations of ancient authors. This new "5th" edition will be continuously updated.
In two series: v1-15 offers alphabetical coverage of the ancient world while the second series, v.1-4, offers articles on the legacy and reception of classical ideas and culture.
The ultimate scholarly treatment, an update to Pauly-Wissowa.
Offers signed articles on people, places, events, and ideas of the ancient Mediterranean, including the Near East and Egypt in addition to the Greek and Roman worlds
A scholarly treatment of the period from 250 to 800 C.E., with several introductory chapters on topics such as “Barbarians,” “Islam,” and “Religious Communities.”
34+ 15v. + suppl. index.
Usually cited as Pauly‐Wissowa or PW, the standard, scholarly German work covering the entire body of classical literature, history, antiquities, biography, and other fields. The arrangement is somewhat complicated, as there are 15 supplementary volumes with additions and corrections. Use the index to locate new and revised material in the supplementary volumes. Now modernized as Brill's New Pauly.
Some volumes are freely available online in Hathitrust or at German Wikipedia which offers detailed indexes online
Offers an annotated bibliography of book-length reference works, covering the rise and fall of the Greek and Roman civilizations from the Bronze Age through the 6th century AD.
The Cambridge Greek Lexicon is based upon principles differing from those of existing Greek lexica. Entries are organised according to meaning, with a view to showing the developing senses of words and the relationships between those senses.